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Genoa, city marinara, surely of ancient origin, it leans out only however to the history in the 218 a.c. when you/he/she is occupied by Scipione. From the beginning, called Genua, it always had a fundamental importance for the maritime navigation, for the commercial traffic and as military posting of defense. The Romans in fact, they occupied her/it and they reconstructed her/it, having been destroyed from the Carthaginian ones in the 205 a.c. and they did their base one of it soldier against the Liguris.
Commercially it acquired notable importance after the construction of the Streets Postumia and Aemilia Scauri. The Street Postumia was made to build from the Spurious Consul Postumio beginning from the 148 a.C. and it developed him from Genua (Genoa) to Aquileia, crossing the whole Lowland Padana.ed Aemilia Scauri.
The Street Aemilia Scauri was made to build from the Consul Emilio Scauro beginning from the 109 a.C.. An important ramification of the Street Aemilia Scauri connected Vada Sabatia to Dertona (Tortona), where the great road padana was found already built before by the Romans thirty years and note as Street Postumia.
Genoa is extraneous for a lot of time to the historical stories of the epoch and you/he/she can be said that the city godette of relative commercial development and war calm; it became Town hall and then Province of the territorial administration of Giustiniano, around the You century.
It is especially in the epoch medioevale that Genoa returns on the scene; it suffers the invasion of the Longobardis that in the in 641 they organized the Dukedom of the Liguria of it.
However the region not lost the Roman habits and it also entertained populations coming from other regions. Under the Carolingian ones, Genoa became County and the feudal system established you.
In the 845 it was busy and ransacked by Lotario I; from the 888, it belonged to the family of the Obertenghis, through their representatives, said viscounts. The feudal system braked the development even if Genoa, in accord with the Clergy, it maintained a certain autonomy from the Germanic power.
The autonomy of the Genoeses was also earned for the contribution given to the defense of the city against the Saracens, which after having her/it busy and ransacked in 915, you/they were defeated by the Genoese fleet suffering serious losses in the famous battle of the Asinara.
In the XI century Genoa was straight from an Episcopalian government that contributed to the commercial resumption of the city and the whole maritime traffic, succeeding in giving a certain protection to the maritime activity, so much that to few, to few maritime organizations were constituted is of the gunsmiths that of the navigators. In short, the city took back vitality and order and was given some Consuls electing himself/herself/itself to Town Republic. You affirmed therefore a town government and the whole system it drew benefit of it, while it was growing the power marinara in Genoa. Different city Consuls him succedettero to the government of the city up to 1190, when Manegoldo of the Tettoccio from Brescia came to the scene in Genoa becoming the first foreign Podestà of the city, that governed together with the chosen Consuls. From 1217 the city government was straight from the alone Podestà up to 1257, when to the same Podestà the Captains of the people were placed side by side. The first one of the Captains, chosen for 10 years, it was William Boccanegra that however it was forced, in 1262, to abdicate the position for a noble conspiracy. In the first Crusade, Genoa brought further a great contribution of ships, men and a halves to a notable I bring financial, validly sustaining the feudal armies of earth hocked to Antiochia, Jerusalem and Caesarian. It was following this consignment that the Genoeses picked up the ashes of S.Giovanni Battista that they are preserved in the Cathedral of the city and the Sacred Basin (it entirely seems of emerald) found again to Caesarian and brought to Genoa by Joseph Embriaci.
Strong Genoa by now of its power escaped at the end of the century XI to the imperial power, it coined in 1139 a propia coin, in 1158 it ransomed his/her own subjection to the edicts of Roncaglia, emanated by Fred Barbarossa, which also guaranteed to the city the possession of the gratuities (1161).
Meanwhile the Saracens, appropriated in Sardinia, Sicily and Barberia they threatened Genoa that was allied, in the meantime, with Pisa. But it was really Pisa to let loose himself/herself/themselves against Genoa and they followed two battles of it bloody, the battle of the Meloria in 1284 and the battle of Porto Pisano in 1284, of which Genoa went out vicitrice. The victory in Genoa on Pisa involved its record in the Mediterranean, opposed however by the dawning power marinara in Venice. The dominion in Genoa begun in the Corsica since the XII century was completed with the whole dominion on the region around the XIV century. The whole Liguria passed under the dominion in Genoa with the Counties of Blackboard in 1132, Ventimiglia in 1140, Monk in 1174, Nice and Savona in 1215, the Malaspinas and You Chiavesana in 1218.
From 1204 in the 1222 Genoa it had the possession in Syracuse, Smirne was surrendered her in 1261 from Michael VIII Paleologo (the basileus): in 1262 Caffa was founded and you/he/she was maintained up to 1475. From the XIV to the XVI century Genoa signoreggiò, also for autonomous initiative of some noble families of his, on different centers of the Greek archipelago (Lesbo, Lemno, Taso, Imbro, Samotracia, Chio, Samo, Focea). But meanwhile the vast Genoese dominion started to suffer losses, also following the continuous struggle with Venice. In fact, Torres fell under the Aragonese ones in 1323, the possession of Monk was unstable, Ventimiglia and Savoia passed to the Savoias in 1338; Sarzana, under the Genoese dominion from 1406, the Florentines you/he/she was sold to in 1467. The maximum one of the power and of the advantage Genoa got him with the fall of the Latin empire of east in 1261, even if rather unstable always because of the increasing Venetian commercial penetration. With Venice, Genoa was forced to encounter himself/herself/themselves in the war of Curzola in 1298, Pola 1379, Chioggia 1378 and 1381. With the Battle of Chioggia a compromise was reached initialed in Turin in 1381.
But it was really the peace to mark somehow the slow decline in Genoa because the city almost got lazy him and inside struggles arrived unexpectedly to be able conducted by noble families (Fieschi, Grimaldi, Guarchi, Montaldo for the guelfis; Doria, Spinola, Ornate, Fregoso for the ghibellinis) that not being anchored to the system of government they alternated to the dominion of the city, fighting an inside struggle and disinteresting himself/herself/itself of the affairs in Genoa in the Mediterraneo.Anche if succesivamente was constituted a constitutional government, to a little been worth for the guarantee of stability of government: in 1310 to Opizzino, Spinola succedette a government of twelve members, six guelfis and six ghibillinis, placed side by side by an abbot of the people; from 1312 to the 1313 Uguggione of the faggiuola it dominated the city in name of Arrigo VII; in 1313 he/she returned a government of 24 mmbris, 12 guelfis and 12 ghibellinis; in 1317-1318, Charles Fieschi and Gaspare Grimaldi they were divided the power on the city as captains of the people; from 1318 to 1335 the dominion on the city was practiced from pope Giovanni XXII and from the King of Naples Roberto to return then to the headed of Raffaele Doria and of Jailbird Spinoladal 1335 to 1339.
It was not even useful to the governability of the city the institution of the dogato that had lasted since 1339 to 1528, held up by lifelong doges (Simone Boccanegra). In the period of the dogato him succedettero 31 doges, of which four only died reigning, more than someone it hardly discharged him chosen and others abandoned or they were alternated for few months or even weeks.
Genoa therefore accordingly under foreign dominations (Milan in 1353-1356, 1421-1436, 1464-1478; French 1396-1409, 1458-1460,1499-1512, 1515-1522; the Marquis Teodoro II of Monferrato from 1409-1413). the principality of the Ornate one and the Fregosos didn't Even serve to build stability because of the powerful opposition of the Dorias, Fieschi, Gattilusio, CenturioniCattanei, Giustiniani, real dominators of territories and castles in liguria as in the Aegean one.
To the anarchy in which it was fallen Genoa he/she thought of us Andrew Doria that he/she succeeded to traslare Genoa under the control of the Spaniards (in 1528), to reform the city arrangements (from 1528 to 1797 the city was governed by doges with biennial position, eight governors and quattrcento members).
The noble came so favorite but this all it took is for stopping the struggles that continued to feed the oligarchical structure of the government and the likings for Spain of it. The changes in the situation ganerales of the Mediterranean influenced a lot the economy in Genoa that he/she was seen to close the oriental harbors and nevertheless he/she succeeded in maintaining standing the activity cantieristica and banking up to the point that Luigi XVI, to prevent that it furnished ships to its enemies it was forced to bomb her/it.
With the 1768 Versailles essay, Genoa lost Corsica and acquired the marchesato of Ending.
They were French to determine a radical change to Genoa and in the whole Liguria with the introduction of a democratic Constitution that resulted in the Republic ligure (1802-1805); but it was above all the new cultural climate, very more open, introduced with the annexation to the Napoleonic empire (1805), that saved Genoa from the suffocating provincialism in which you/he/she had been absorbed for so much time even if he/she forced her/it to drastically reorganize and definitely his/her importance.
Subsequently, the annexation to the kingdom of Sardinia wanted by the congress in Vienna (1815) it represented particularly for Sardinia a form of conjunction and evolution of a politics Sardinian to the share for an Italian state. The Genoese reality told his/her contribution of actions and ideas the motions risorgimentali, following him/it spirit mazziniano and parteipando to the 1848 Milan motions, to 1849 Rome, to 1857 sapri, in the 1859 war and to the consignment of 1860 the Thousand. The Thousand same enterprise brought the imprint in Genoa in which was organized and to which participated the Genoese cosiddetti”carabinieris”. With the reunification of Italy and a long period of organization and development commercial Genoa took back shine and vitality furnishing a notable contribution to the growth of the Nation. In the second World war it suffered a heavy naval bombardment from French (13 June of 1940) and of the British strengths
(nine February of 1941) and endless aerial raids among 1942-1943 that practically they destroyed the I bring, inflicting notable damages to the inhabited center. But as always the citizens of Genoa were turned up the sleeves, they reconstructed the city making more and more her open to the walk in the history, to the insignia of the energy and vitality of the Genoeses.
Genoa has lived in the last decades a lot of positiveness but also so many consequential problems from the industrial development, above all port but also a crisis of sector living common to so many other cities, are reacting with the reconversion of the productive system indiustriale, valorizing territorial resources to the tourist and cultural goals, optimizing the services for the citizens and for the tourist reception, effecting historical restaurations of great interest, among which detach the Ducal Building and the house of Christopher Columbus. Therefore a city to be visited, to know, to deepen in the history and in the daily paper, in the popular traditions as in the art of the kitchen, letting himself/herself/itself go in front of flat typical, above all if marinareschi.